Estimation of Income Distribution-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.If a Company is keen on evaluating the circulation of pay in the Northern Territory or New Zealands' North Island, how might it continue? Be explicit. 2.Discuss how overall segment patterns are influencing open doors for universal showcasing and which businesses are set to profits by the maturing people born after WW2. Answers: 1.Estimation of pay conveyance in New Zealands North Island. North Island involves nine nearby government districts which are Wellington, Hawkes Bay, Taranaki, Gisborne, Bay of Plenty, Waikato, Auckland, Northland and Manawatu-Wanganui. North Island has a populace which establishes over 70% of the number of inhabitants in New Zealand. Large scale financial markers about the nation can be gotten to utilizing the Country Intelligence Report while the miniaturized scale pointers can be gotten to through authentic government records. (Nation Intelligence: Report: New Zealand 2014). There are two principle techniques with which information about pay conveyance can be gathered in North Island: subjective and quantitative strategies. Subjective and quantitative methods for information assortment can be utilized by an organization so as to get an estimation of the salary dissemination in this area of New Zealand. Subjective information assortment Subjective information can be gathered from the official government site on national insights. This electronic asset is free and accessible for people in general to download information that has been authoritatively gathered and figured. The pay insights gives data about the occupations accessible and age gatherings of the working populace. The site gives data on Person and family unit level measurements which is distributed as Labor Market Statistics (Stats NZ, 2013). Different measurements appeared on the administration site incorporate yearly data demonstrating designs on pay and use of private houses-holds. Data about respondents work, family conditions and total assets is likewise accessible. Specialized data is likewise given on arrangements and overview structure about the information gathered. The data given additionally remembers projections into the future for money circulations. Quantitative information assortment Quantitative information assortment will be founded on proportions of qualities which will be gotten through an assortment of means. The organization can draw in an expert specialist to embrace a review and assemble data or can do it with organization representatives. The nine nearby government locales will be focused for the study so as to get a genuine portrayal of the number of inhabitants in North Island. Surveys will be set up with questions which are important so as to decide the pay dissemination in the area. 500 individuals can be utilized as the agent test for every district and totaling to 4500 people for the entire locale. The study should be illustrative of the working age gathering, sexual orientation and scattered across various regions of the various districts. Inquiries to be remembered for review may remember data for normal hourly and week by week income. Developments in base pay, additional time and normal time paces of wages ought to be incorporated. The study can utilize both composed and online overview through email. A decent blend is utilize half of the poll overview utilizing eye to eye interviews while the staying half is done through the email based configuration (Nabbout-Cheiban, Fisher, Edwards 2017). The gathered information results would then be able to be utilized to decide the recurrence checks, modes and middle proportions of the populace from the information gathered. The information gathered and grouped would then be able to be registered to show up at distinct and inferential measurements. The subjective information would then be able to be contrasted and the accessible authority data previously gathered from the administration site. The data got can be contrasted with distinguish if there are inconsistencies and how t hey can be revised. A genuine delegate informational collection would then be able to be gotten for the salary conveyance of North Island. 2.Worldwide segment patterns The changing socioeconomics are happening at two levels: expanding number of maturing children of post war America while there is a transitioning of the millenials or age Y. The gen X-er age is relied upon to live more and this requires another worldview of showcasing to focus on this segment (Odell 2015). The new showcasing open door all inclusive must be inside the setting of the advertising blend that pulls in this segment. The new showcasing should concentrate on cost, spot and advancement that try to expand in general prosperity and solid living. The advertising for the maturing gen X-ers ought to stress on medicinal services and tie-in different items to the focal topic of wellbeing. Another region of spotlight ought to be on monetary administration of current resources held by this segment and trust administrations for the beneficiaries of this age. The millenials give the chance to showcasing which centers around economical living and social obligation. The principle media for promoting and commercial ought to be computerized so as to interface with this segment. The millennial age will be pulled in by advertising that focuses on online audits and friend input. Brand showcasing ought to be attached to a reason so as to speak to the millenials (Smilansky 2017, p.23). Improved earnings of the female sexual orientation will profit open doors for all the more showcasing that interests to this sex. The expanded number of family units with ladies as the primary salary worker will require another showcasing approach that will catch this segment inside their pay levels. The millenials age will have the penchant to put resources into innovation based endeavors and this is significant in future promoting for firms looking for capital and speculations from this segment. Wilson (2011), states that the promoting blend ought to likewise conc entrate on changes in pay across various topographical locales with accentuation on developing markets, for example, China. Recipient enterprises from maturing children of post war America A few ventures are set to profit by the maturing person born after WW2 age. The cordiality and the travel industry is set to profit as more gen X-ers will invest a greater amount of their retirement energy in recreation voyaging. Transport, visit operators, lodgings and cabins will profit as the consequence of the improved travel. The wellbeing and clinical consideration industry will likewise profit as this age live more and will require equivalent administrations to improve their wellbeing and prosperity. Particular clinical consideration suppliers and innovation that will slide their change into mature age will remain to profit by this age. Golant (2017, p. 83), states that telemedicine, telehealth ventures and the cosmeceutical business likewise remain to profit by the gen X-er age. Land organizations will likewise profit through expanded requirement for lodging that will be adjusted to maturing set up. In general, businesses which will prompt increment the quality, vision, versa tility and hearing abilities of this maturing segment remain to profit the most. References Nation Intelligence: Report: New Zealand', 2014, pp. 1-23. Golant, SM, 2017, 'Independent Older Baby Boomers Are Now Better Connected to Goods, Services, and Care', Generations, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 79-87. Nabbout-Cheiban, M, Fisher, F, Edwards, MT 2017, 'Utilizing Technology to Prompt Good Questions about Distributions in Statistics', Mathematics Teacher, vol. 110, no. 7, pp. 526-532. Odell, P 2015, '7 Keys to Marketing to Baby Boomers', Promotional Marketing, p. 1. Smilansky, O, 2016, 'Age Y: In Control, Content, and Community-Minded. (Main story)', CRM Magazine, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 20-24. Details NZ, 2013, Income, saw 10 August 2013, https://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/salary and-work/Income.aspx Stratis Publishing, 2017, Companies scramble to change as people born after WW2 age, Senior living mag, saw on 10 August 2017, https://www.seniorlivingmag.com/articles/2013/07/organizations scramble-to-change-as-gen X-ers age Wilson, C, 2011, Understanding Global Demographic Convergence since 1950, Population and Development Review, 37(2), 375-38, recovered from https://www.jstor.org/stable/23043287

Kurdish Conflict Regulation

Kurdish Conflict Regulation 1.4. Definitions As Milton-Edwards says, before analyzing the particular indications of the primary subject, it is imperative to diagram some of other significant related definitions (2008). To investigate and talk about Kurdish clash guideline in the Republic of Turkey, one needs to characterize Turkey’s framework corresponding to the Kurds as an ethnic minority in that nation. Ethnicity and its related issues are significant enough for researchers to think about it as one of principle powers to shape the world. Metal cases â€Å"ethnicity and patriotism, interethnic clashes, and secessionist developments have been significant powers forming the cutting edge world and the structure and dependability of contemporary states† (1991). Zuelow in ‘Nationalism Journals’ like Brass about national personality and its strength says national character has been one of the principals power forming the course of history, unquestionably since the French Revolution† (1999). Furthermore, he accepts that national personality has assumed a key job in unrests, wars and state-development (Ibid). At the point when individuals of various ethnicity are living in a one area and one gathering by and large has the greater part rule on different gatherings in non-vote based ways, it is the beginning stage of contention. Bruce Gilley characterized â€Å"ethnic struggle as supported and savage clash by ethnically unmistakable entertainers in which the issue is fundamental to one ethnicity† (2004, 1160). In a similar source, he utilizes different terms, for example, ‘ethnic violence’ or ‘ethnic war’ for ethnic clash (Ibid, 1155). ‘Ethnic strife regulation’ is the other term ought to be characterized here. There are numerous definitions for ethnic clash guideline in various references. Wolff accepts â€Å"conflict guideline includes three components: anticipation, the executives, and settlement: Conflict counteraction targets directing clash into peaceful conduct by giving motivating forces to quiet convenience. Peace making is the endeavor, as far as possible or direct the impacts of a continuous ethnic clash. Struggle settlement targets building up an institutional system in which the clashing interests of various ethnic gatherings can be suited to degree the motivations to peaceful and participation condition† (2009, 1). Ilievski Wolff characterize ethnic clash guideline through institutional plan that contentions can be settled by means of an institutional deal that builds up full scale level structures through which debates among the contention gatherings can be tended to strategically and without response to violence† (2010, 5-6). McGarry and OLeary guarantee, â€Å"The term of ‘regulation’ is comprehensive and it covers both clash end and peace promotion. Eight unmistakable full scale strategies for ethnic clash guideline can be recognized into two techniques for killing contrasts and strategies for overseeing differences† (1993, 4). The Republic of Turkey was established on the primary standards, or ‘six arrows’, of Kemalism. These standards are republicanism, patriotism, secularism, populism, statism and revolutionism (Los Angeles Times 2014). Kemal Ataturk and his supporters have characterized Turkey as a star Western, current and popularity based nation. The two subjects of ethnic minority rights and Islamism, in view of two standards of Turkish patriotism and secularism, were no-no for a long time. The Welfare Party in the general political decision for the Turkish Grand National Assembly (TGNA) in 1995 caught most of seats. Necmettin Erbakan came to control as the main Islamist Prime Minister in the Republic of Turkey in 1996. In spite of the fact that the age of his Cabinet was only one year, it was sufficient to break the no-no of the secularism rule as a boycott for Islamist ideological groups. In any case, the long periods of 1990s and Ãâ€"zal’s addresses about Kurdish individuals a s an ethnic minority in Turkey, can be looked as a beginning stage, in any event multi decade was expected to begin to break the one-country one-state thought in Turkey. In regard of Kurdish ethnic guideline in Turkey, the meaning of ‘Double Standard’ appears to fit with organizations and established laws in Turkey. â€Å"Double standard is a circumstance where two individuals or gatherings are dealt with uniquely in contrast to one another in a way that is unreasonable to one of them† (merriam-webster word reference 2014) or â€Å"a set of rules that applies diversely and normally more thoroughly to one gathering of individuals or conditions than to another† (QA.com) and (Ibid). Park, alluding to Guney (2006-2007) and Uslu (2008a) says, â€Å"a major logical factor behind Turkey’s protection from the appropriation of more humility to the Armenian destiny, or a progressively comprehensive grasping of its Kurdish residents, is the force of Turkish patriotism (2012, 23). The ‘Turkish history thesis’ demand that the Turks of focal Asia comprised the world’s first humanized individuals, who had given the base of all other world civic establishments (Park 2012,23). Related with the history proposition was the ‘Sun language theory’ which asserts that â€Å"Turks were simply the originators of language and that every single other language were along these lines gotten from or connected to it (Cagaptay 2002; Arkman 2006)† (Park 2012,24). Security frameworks, battle ready methodologies, monetary and human rights conditions in West and Center of the nation, or generally speaking for Turks, has been not quite the same as non-Turk minorities in Turkey. Kurds, as around 20% of Turkeys populace, have been prohibited from the essential rights for around one century. Meanwhile, supporting the privileges of the Turkish language populace as residents of different nations has been one of the fundamental standards of Turkeys Foreign Policies. These kinds of various methodologies can be portrayed as types of a twofold standard arrangement. Now and again these double strategies have caused strife for Turkey and have pushed the nation from a zero-issue to a zero-companion circumstance. Park, when characterizing the Republic of Turkey, alludes to Yavuz and Eposito (2003:xx1) in that they guarantee â€Å"when Ataturk kicked the bucket in 1938, Kemalism was ‘neither popularity based nor liberal yet Authoritarian, elitist, and ideological† (2012, 13). In any case, Urrutia and Villellas take a gander at Turkey as a ‘consolidating democracy’ (2012, 2) in their portrayal of Turkey’s framework. Gulcan Saglam (2012) takes a gander at Turkey under the standard of AKP as a ‘semi-law based state’ that might be progressively perfect with the present conditions in Turkey and helpful for this investigation. A semi-equitable state is characterized as an express that has popularity based standards and a dictator rule by and by simultaneously, however they are neither completely tyrant nor completely law based. The semi-law based state, by Akinola (2013) definition, is â€Å"a express that bolsters vote based system as a thought, yet neglects to arrive at the utilization of its principles.The standards of opportunity discourse and affiliation, free and reasonable political race just as straightforwardness in government establish basic characters of the fair state†. Saglam says â€Å"in semi-equitable political settings with solid tyrant on-screen characters, ideological groups that construct wide alliances comprising of different force places in the general public by means of gathering explicit strategy guarantees will be bound to move the level of influence for themselves than on-screen characters that need such connections† (2012, 37-8). He trusts â€Å"The AKP is the primary Islamist ideological group in Turkey that sought after this procedure, and it was these gathering explicit approach guarantees that in the end helped the Party to repulse the Kemalist state structure and move the perceived leverage for itself† (Ibid). 1.5. The Problem and Rationale Ethnic personality and ethnic clash have been the most muddled issues among social orders and have stayed as twofold tie ties in local, territorial and universal levels, particularly in creating nations. Ethnic clash has an association and interrelation with different subjects, for example, sex, political economy and democratization in various angles (Milton-Edwards 2008, 1). Beavis declares that â€Å"ethnic strife studies can be viewed as a hotspot for understanding global relations yet single book; idea or hypothesis can't clarify such an intricate wonder in its entirety† (1999-2012). Ethnic clash is frequently considered as a nearby or intra-state issue, yet without a doubt, it has had impact on both intra-state and between state relations. The Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) responds to the inquiry ‘How numerous contentions were there on the planet in 2011?’ (UCDP 2011) and explains the number and rank of ‘intrastate conflicts’ in contrast with different sorts of contention in that year, asserting that â€Å"in 2011, UCDP recorded 37 dynamic equipped conflicts†(Ibid). In view of a similar source, from thirty-seven outfitted clashes in 2011 that occurred in 30 distinct pieces of the world, 27 of them were intrastate, nine intrastate with outside contribution. Cambodia-Thailand (regular outskirt) was the main case among them enlisted as interstate clash. Turkey was among five Middle Eastern nations having intrastate Kurdish clash; that it didn't acquaint with a degree of war until 2011. The above graph from UCDP (2013) shows the sort and number of outfitted clashes from 1946-2012. It shows the additional state struggle just until 1974, interstate clashes have diminished and internationalized clashes have had moderate increment since 2004. In any case, the quantities of intrastate clashes have had critical increment particularly from the 1960’s. In examination with universal wars from 1950s, Civil Wars have been progressively continuous and increasingly tough. Ethnic wars have been principle part of common wars. For example, 55% in 1970

How to Implement Company-Wide Knowledge Management System

How to Implement Company-Wide Knowledge Management System Every business or organization in the world possesses huge amounts of information, data, knowledge and expertise and this amount keeps mounting with each passing day. In order to use this knowledge in the best possible way, there is the need for a system that can collect data, store it, share it and manage it effectively. Knowledge management is a concept that deals with this storing and managing of information or data possessed by a working organization. To understand what exactly a knowledge management system is and how can it be implemented through the company, you can go through the following given information. © Shutterstock.com | ImageFlowIn this article, we deep dive into the topic of knowledge management by learning 1) a brief introduction to knowledge management, 2) knowledge management systems, and 3) implementing knowledge management system.KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT: A BRIEFKnowledge Management or KM is a procedure involving the organization or management of a company’s information or knowledge. It includes gathering, sharing, developing and administering all the information possessed by an organization in such a way that the best use of that knowledge or information can be made. According to the concept of Knowledge Management, knowledge too is an important asset for any company, and it must be used effectively to bring about positive changes and further profitability. Some of the knowledge assets possessed by your organization include databases, reports, documents, files, financial statements, procedures, policies and even experience of all the workers.The concept of Knowledge Manage ment focuses primarily on the important objectives of a business including change, innovation, gaining the competitive edge over others, improving performances, utilizing knowledge as well as sharing or distributing things learned throughout the workforce.Even in spite of the importance of Knowledge Management, most organizations do not have strategies or ways to implement it and use it to their benefit. This is especially important for small-scale companies that may not consider it crucial to devote time and resources of distribution and utilization of knowledge.History of Knowledge ManagementTwo decades ago in the year 1990, the concept of Knowledge Management first surfaced when it was in the form of formal apprenticeship, discussion forums, corporate libraries, on-the-job discussions, mentoring programs as well as training sessions. But as technology began to advance, and computer systems were being widely used, several changes in the definition of Knowledge Management started t aking place. It was in the year 1999 that the term ‘personal knowledge management’ was first introduced, and this term focused on management of knowledge on a more individual level.Later, the importance of knowledge management was further pressed upon, and it started being accepted by organizations as a part of strategy and measurement. Businesses started realizing that the application of this concept could help them drive cultural change and can speed up the process of learning. Today, it is a known fact that knowledge management can offer superb advantages and benefits not only to organizations as a whole but also to individuals.KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMSA Knowledge Management System is a system that is used for the application as well as the utilization of Knowledge Management within your organization. Such a system is considered just one part of the overall concept of Knowledge Management but is an important part. Knowledge Management Systems are of many types, and the mai n purpose they fulfill is that of storing as well as retrieving important data, information, and knowledge. Some of the other purposes they serve include the collaboration of data, locating various sources of knowledge, enhancing the Knowledge management process and data mining.A Knowledge Management System can enable your business to make better business decisions, but this does not make it similar to Business Intelligence in any way. Where on one hand, Business Intelligence focuses on explicit knowledge; Knowledge management systems include both explicit and implicit knowledge. The term ‘Knowledge management system’ is mostly used to refer to IT systems that consist of several software modules linked to a central user interface. A Knowledge Management System can not only help you to train new staff and conduct their orientation but also to promote sales.The following is a list of some of the different categories or types of KM systems:Content management systems;Semantic networ ks;Groupware systems KM 2.0;Simulation tools;The intranet and extranet;Artificial intelligence tools;Data warehousing, data mining, OLAP;Document management systems;Decision Support Systems.Importance of Knowledge Management SystemsEvery day, your business receives a huge amount of data and information. While some of this data may not be important at all, other pieces of information or knowledge could be crucial. It is this data or information that can be utilized to take critical decisions and enable certain employees to improve their overall knowledge and skills. This is why, it is very important to store the information and make it accessible for the future course of the business. This is where the importance of knowledge management systems enters the picture. It is the knowledge management systems that enable you to store the data, manage it and distribute it among the workplace whenever needed.The following are some of the points of importance of these systems:Creates knowled ge and learning-based organizations One of the main benefits of having a knowledge management system is that it helps to make learning a habit and routine for your organization and creates a kind of a culture at your workplace which is inclined towards self-assessment as well as self-improvement. The knowledge gained through the process of knowledge management systems makes use of experience to improve processes and streamline operations.Makes way for innovation and workplace changes Managing knowledge regularly and actively through knowledge management systems also makes way for innovation and cultural change. It enables workplace employees to express their ideas and use creativity to perform tasks.Makes way for better decision making The huge database of information and knowledge is nothing less than an asset or wealth for your organization. Storing and then processing of this data can help you make some important decisions in an easier manner. When your manager or other employ ees have access to knowledge through a knowledge management system, they are more capable of making much more informed choices.IMPLEMENTING KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMSNow that you understand what Knowledge Management is and what is the importance of Knowledge Management systems, it is time to know how to implement these systems in your workplace to gain the maximum benefits. Without the application of KM systems, your organization may be wasting resources and time on the re-invention of knowledge and spending a great deal of money and time on location or identification of difficult to find information.Thanks to the technological advancements as well as the availability of high-speed networks, your organization has a great opportunity to gather, store, distribute and utilize knowledge in a way you would have never imagined. There are many software products, processes and procedures that can enable the effective implementation of knowledge. The following are the steps that you can ta ke to implement knowledge management systems throughout the workplace.Step 1: Identify the various business issuesThe first step is to identify the various business issues by conducting an internal analysis of your firm. Unless you know what the problem areas are, you won’t be able to align the knowledge management systems with the business goals and objectives. You must thus try to evaluate or assess the variety and quantity of the information that your business has stored in databases, on the web, as well as that which employees possess through their personal experiences and knowledge. Efforts must be made to do a cost-benefit analysis, evaluate the complexity of system structures, get to know training costs, security issues, updating costs and analyze existing business practices.Running away from the fear of the huge amounts of information present to be stored or managed is something that keeps many businesses away from the implementation of KM systems. But this reaction does n ot address the business issue related to managing your corporate knowledge systematically and, hence, will only increase it over time.Step 2: Prepare for transitionOnce problem areas have been identified, the next step is to prepare yourself, your employees as well as the entire workplace for the transition. Application and implementation of KM systems deal with cultural changes at the workplace rather than change in technology alone. Your employees may try to resist the change or may even try to oppose it. To avoid this or deal with it you must follow a smart or wise approach and bring about gradual changes. Give yourself and your employees time to get slowly used to using a new KM system, provide them with the aid and training to adapt to new systems and make sure this phase is dealt with patience and understanding.Most people have a natural inclination and desire to learn and share their knowledge. Each and every employee belonging to your organization wants things to be easier a nd more effective. You must thus make efforts to make them understand the importance of implementation of knowledge management systems so that they can embrace change happily.Step 3: Get together a dedicated teamTo make the implementation of knowledge management system successful, a strong team with an experienced team leader is extremely important. You cannot execute the implementation process without putting someone in charge. Getting together a dedicated team helps to streamline the implementation and get a focused approach for reaching the objective. You must bring together a team consisting of a wide range of expertise so that the skills and experience of each team member can be united for a high-impact result. The team leader you select must possess strong project management skills, extensive experience, broad knowledge and top-level people skills. He/she must have good leadership qualities and should be able to understand the importance of knowledge management.The team you ga ther must chart out a well-detailed plan before starting the process of implementing a company-wide KM system. You must be closely involved in the process to ensure everything runs smoothly.Step 4: Evaluate technology needs and prioritize themThe next step is to evaluate and assess the various technology needs and then prioritize them. You must try to figure out the various sources of knowledge needed to solve the business problems. In order to implement knowledge management systems throughout the workplace, it is imperative to know the potential costs that will be incurred, the expertise and the technology tools that you currently don’t possess but would be required. Identification of what is needed and then evaluating what you have already got will help you determine what is missing. Do not jump the gun and purchase expensive technology without discussing it with the core team or concerned individuals.Once you have made the decision of purchasing the needed technology, you must try to determine the best sources for getting that technology. Compare prices, quality, and brand and only then choose the most affordable yet suitable source.Step 5: Determine the major attributes of knowledge management systemNow the next step involves determining the major aspects or attributes of knowledge management system. You now need to define the key features by drafting a checklist to make sure that the technology that you will be acquiring will be able to address the business problems and will also enhance the overall profitability. The following are some of the key features of KM systems:Open Open systems are those which enable the employees to have access to any information from their current location.Distributed Distributed systems are such systems whose components are well distributed across various servers so as to enable access of knowledge to various branches or offices of your business across the globe.Measurable The system must be measurable in the sense that it must be able to measure who accesses which information from which location and so on. Measurable systems enable better management and analysis of the effectiveness of the overall knowledge management within your organization.Customizable A KM system must be extremely customizable and flexible in order to make way for better usability and better individual experience.Secure A KM system must be secure for the threat of loss of information, the threat of duplication and other security issues.Step 6: Rolling out the building blocksThe implementation process of your knowledge management systems must be a phased out process to ensure that the overall objective can be divided into smaller goals to ease out the procedure and make it more efficient. The following are some of the building blocks which you can use for successful implementation of KM systems at your workplace:Phase 1 This phase involves the search for text-based electronic data sources so as to retrieve advanced informati on with the ultimate goal of improving ROI on existing knowledge.Phase 2 This phase requires Knowledge Mining Software as the technology building block in order to improve the process of finding useful knowledge.Phase 3 Automated Categorization Tools can be used to reach the goal of improving the overall speed of categorizing knowledge and improving its accuracy.Phase 4 The 4th phase involves rolling out of the Knowledge Warehouses so as to improve security, functionality and overall performance of knowledge management.Phase 5 This phase involves allowing users to contribute their knowledge to the Knowledge Warehouses so as to welcome contribution and expand the database of information.Phase 6 This is the phase including the pre-building of knowledge maps through Knowledge Mapping software in order to enable quicker access to knowledge.Phase 7 Phase 7 involves execution of the Knowledge Directory software to locate those individuals who possess a certain required knowledge.Ste p 7: Link knowledge to peopleWhen your organization is faced with a certain business problem, then help of knowledge databases may be needed. These databases are not just records and reports of existing information but also solutions or knowledge possessed by employees. In such a situation, finding out who knows what can be a time consuming and hence it is better to link knowledge to people in advance as a part of the overall implementation of knowledge management systems. There are 2 major ways to do so, and they are given as follows:A knowledge directory: A knowledge directory helps employees of your company to find out subject-specific experts within the organization so that they can share the knowledge possessed by them. This directory could act as a platform where a user can find out the list of experts who are most capable of solving a particular problem. This very link between people and knowledge makes knowledge management different from other applications that manage explic it knowledge.Content management: Content management also forms a crucial part of knowledge management systems and is another way to link people with knowledge. You must hire content managers or use the existing ones who will be responsible for gathering information, editing and updating it, as well as ensuring that it is useful and accurate. Maintenance of content or information is of vital importance and can prove to be a lot of importance when an employee is looking for certain data for a project or for finding a business solution.Step 8: Launch the KM systemWith the help of the sufficient amount of funding as well as important resources, the implementation of knowledge management systems can be achieved. Now that you know what your goal is and now that you have addressed the cultural issues and met technology needs, it is time to launch the program. Once the program is launched, you may come across certain problems, issues and gaps that you need to address as you move forward.Ste p 9: Measure and constantly Improve your KM systemOnly after launching or implementing company-wide knowledge management system will you come to know the areas that are not working as per your expectations. Formulate ways to measure the effectiveness of the program and then make efforts to fill the gaps and make required improvements. After making the improvements, compare old results with the new ones and measure the difference. See how your performance has improved and continue to incorporate these improvements as you go ahead. Do not be too quick to dismiss the program because it takes time and efforts for expected results to show.

Reis, Elizabeth.Damned Women Sinners And Witches In Puritan

Reis, Elizabeth. Damned Women: Sinners and Witches in Puritan New England. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1997. Thesis: Reis argues that through reading about the colonial Puritan s conception of sin and Satan, readers will expand their cultural and historical understanding of how people act on their religious belief...and how those religiously informed actions both reflect and prescribe their own particular gender arrangements, often to the detriment of women (10). In short, women were negatively affected by the Puritan belief system when it came to witchcraft because of the gendered ideals of the colonial era in America. Themes: One of the first themes that appears in the text is fear. Fear was a driving force in†¦show more content†¦Within the Puritan world, the Bible (God s book) is present; during the witchcraft trials, the Devil s book becomes just as prevalent in discussions. During these witchcraft trials, good cannot present without evil, man without woman, God without Satan. In one of the later chapters of the text, Reis discusses an upsurge in women joining convents., but within that same timeframe, there was an upsurge in witch accusations, for every new nun, there was a new witch. A theme that is apparent throughout the text is gender/gender roles. Reis places a lot of emphasis on the idea of the feminine soul. Her third and fourth chapters discuss the role of gender with confessions and trials during the witchcraft era. On page 122 of the text, Reis discusses how women s evidence tended to be spectral while men placed more emphasis on physical/tangible evidence such as sick cows producing rancid milk. The devil even differentiated how he took dominion over women and men: women tended to claim harm to themselves, while men claimed harm to their property (117). These gendered ideas even spread past the earth when one considers how Reis argues for God and Satan acting as masculine warriors fighting for the feminine souls of humans (106). Evidentiary Base: Much of where Reis gets her information comes from primary sources. She utilizes the Salem Witchcraft Papers heavily throughout her text. She is also very much reliant

The Coliseum Edgar Allan Poes Poem

The following Edgar Allan Poe poem on the Roman Colosseum (spelled Coliseum by some, including Poe) was first published in the Baltimore Saturday Visiter (sic) on October 26, 1833. Poe eventually revised it a number of times, but never really was terribly happy with any of his poems.--------Lone ampitheatre! Grey Coliseum!Type of the antique Rome! Rich reliquaryOf lofty contemplation left to TimeBy buried centuries of pomp and power!At length, at length — after so many daysOf weary pilgrimage, and burning thirst,(Thirst for the springs of love that in thee lie,)I kneel, an altered, and an humble man,Amid thy shadows, and so drink withinMy very soul thy grandeur, gloom, and glory.Vastness! and Age! and Memories of Eld!Silence and Desolation! and dim Night!Gaunt vestibules! and phantom-peopled aisles!I feel ye now: I feel ye in your strength!O spells more sure then eer Judaean kingTaught in the gardens of Gethsemane!O charms more potent than the rapt ChaldeeEver drew down from o ut the quiet stars!br/>Here, where a hero fell, a column falls:Here, where the mimic eagle glared in gold,A midnight vigil holds the swarthy bat:Here, where the dames of Rome their yellow hairWavd to the wind, now wave the reed and thistle:Here, where on ivory couch the Caesar sat,On bed of moss lies gloating the foul adder:Here, where on golden throne the monarch lolld,Glides spectre-like unto his marble home,Lit by the wan light of the horned moon,The swift and silent lizard of the stones.These crumbling walls; these tottering arcades;These mouldering plinths; these sad, and blackend shafts;These vague entablatures; this broken frieze;These shattered cornices; this wreck; this ruin;These stones, alas! - these grey stones — are they all;All of the great and the colossal leftBy the corrosive hours to Fate and me?Not all, — the echoes answer me; not all:Prophetic sounds, and loud, arise foreverFrom us, and from all ruin, unto the wise,As in old days from Memnon to the s un.We rule the hearts of mightiest men: — we ruleWith a despotic sway all giant minds.br/>We are not desolate — we pallid stones;Not all our power is gone; not all our Fame;Not all the magic of our high renown;Not all the wonder that encircles us;Not all the mysteries that in us lie;Not all the memories that hang upon,And cling around about us now and ever,And clothe us in a robe of more than glory.

Papa Johns Term Paper Free Essays

Subject: Term Paper: Papa John’s Papa John’s International HISTORY OF COMPANY: Papa Johns was founded by John Schnatter. John worked at a local pizza pub in Jeffersonville, Indiana when he was in High School. While he was working there, he realized that there was something missing from the national pizza chains which was a superior-quality traditional pizza delivered right to the customer’s door. We will write a custom essay sample on Papa Johns Term Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now His dream was to one day open a pizza restaurant that would fill that void. In 1983, John Schnatter delivered his last campus pizza, picked up his business degree from Ball State University, and went back to Jeffersonville, Indiana. There, at age 22, he knocked down the broom closet in his father’s tavern (Mick’s Lounge); sold his prized 1971 Z28 Camaro, purchased $1,600 worth of used restaurant equipment, and began delivering pizzas out of the back of the bar. Papa John’s opened its first pizza restaurant in 1984. (2) CORPORATE INFORMATION: Papa John’s Pizza Corporate Office is located at 2002 Papa John’s Boulevard, Louisville, KY 40299. Their phone number is (502)261-7272. The CEO is Nigel Travis, the COO is Jude Thompson, and the CFO is David Flanery. (1) STOCK MARKET INFORMATION: Papa John’s is under NASDAQ stock market and their symbol is PZZA. As of April 12, 2010, their Stock market price was $27. 88. Their stock prices are down -. 84. (6) COMPANY’S REPUTATION: Papa John’s is the recognized quality leader of the pizza category and is the world’s third largest pizza company. For nine of the last ten years, consumers have rated Papa John’s No. in customer satisfaction among all national pizza chains in the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI). Papa John’s also was honored by Restaurants ; Institutions Magazine (R;I) with the 2009 Gold Award for Consumers’ Choice in Chains in the pizza segment. In 2006, for the third consecutive year consumers have honored Papa John’s (NASDAQ: PZZA) with the top rating among national pizza delivery and take-out chains in the prestigious Restaurants ; Institutions’ Consumers’ Choice in Chains Survey. Papa John’s, which earned its best overall score ever, outdistanced the next closest national take-out and delivery chain by a record margin of almost six points. Restaurants and Institutions’ 2006 Consumers’ Choice in Chains Survey National Pizza Delivery and Take-Out Chains ———————————————————————- Overall Score Atmosphere Cleanliness Convenience ——————— ————- ———- ———– ———– Papa John’s 52. 31% 44% 52% ——————— ————- ———- ———– ———– Pizza Hut 46. 8 34 40 49 ———— Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€ ————- ———- ———– ———– Little Caesars 44. 9 24 34 53 ——————— ————- ———- ———– ———– Domino’s Pizza 43. 3 24 36 51 ———————————————————————- Food Quality Good Reputation Menu Variety Service Value ————– ———— ————— ———— ——- —– Papa John’s 66% 64% 48% 50% 49% ————– ———— ————— ———— ——- —– Pizza Hut 58 58 46 43 40 ————– ———— ————— ———— ——- —– Little Caesars 44 42 30 37 69 ————– ———— ————— ———— ——- —– Domino’s Pizza 47 50 37 43 46 ————————— Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- †¢For nine consecutive years (1999 – 2008), Papa John’s has been rated number one n customer satisfaction among all national pizza chains in the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) released by the National Quality Research Center at the University of Michigan Business School. †¢Top rated national pizza delivery and take-out chain in Restaurants Institutions’ Consumers Choice in Chains Survey seven out of the last nine years (1998 – 2000, 2002 and 2004 – 2006). †¢Pizzamarketplace. com 2006 Pizza Chain of the Year †¢Voted ‘Best Pizza’ in more than 50 U. S. markets over the last several years, including in Los Angeles, Washington D. C. , Atlanta, Dallas, Indianapolis, Orlando, Knoxville and Phoenix. †¢Highest rated national pizza delivery and take-out chain in RealPeopleRatings. com, an online quarte rly rating site. Tied for first as the highest rated national pizza chain in the 2007 Zagat/Today Show Fast Food Survey. †¢Silver winner of the 2006 Brandweek Customer Loyalty Award in the pizza category. †¢Named Delivery Operator of the Year among pizza chains in the United Kingdom by the Pizza and Pasta Association (2005 – 2006). CHIEF COMPETITORS: Papa John’s top chief competitors are Domino’s, Little Caesar’s, and Pizza Hut. FINANCIAL POSITION OF COMPANY (PAST AND PRESENT): †¢Fourth quarter earnings per diluted share of $0. 49 in 2009 vs. $0. 46 in 2008 and full-year earnings per diluted share of $2. 06 in 2009 vs. $1. 30 in 2008 †¢Fourth quarter earnings per diluted share, excluding noted items, were $0. 41 in 2009 vs. $0. 8 in 2008 and full-year earnings per diluted share, excluding noted items, were $1. 50 in 2009 vs. $1. 68 in 2008 †¢Domestic system-wide comparable sales decreased 0. 5% for the quarter and were even for th e year †¢International franchise system sales increased 18% for the quarter (13% excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rates) and 14% for the year (24% excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rates) †¢11 net Papa John’s worldwide unit openings during the quarter and 89 net openings during the year †¢Earnings guidance for 2010 reaffirmed at a range of $1. 70 to $1. 90 per diluted share, excluding the impact of consolidating BIBP Papa John’s International, Inc. (NASDAQ: PZZA) today announced revenues of $280. 5 million for the fourth quarter of 2009, compared to revenues of $279. 6 million in 2008. Net income for the fourth quarter of 2009 was $13. 7 million, or $0. 49 per diluted share (including after-tax income of $1. 3 million, or $0. 05 per diluted share, from the consolidation of the results of the franchisee-owned cheese purchasing company, BIBP Commodities, Inc. (â€Å"BIBP†), a variable interest entity, and a gain of $1. 0 million, or $0. 03 per diluted share, from the finalization of certain income tax issues), compared to 2008 fourth quarter net income of $12. 8 million, or $0. 6 per diluted share (including after-tax income of $600,000, or $0. 02 per diluted share, from the consolidation of BIBP, a gain of $1. 2 million, or $0. 04 per diluted share, from the finalization of certain income tax issues and an after-tax charge of $2. 2 million, or $0. 08 per diluted share, related to res taurant impairment and disposition losses). Consolidated revenues for 2009 were $1. 11 billion, representing a decrease of 2. 3% from revenues of $1. 13 billion for 2008. Net income for 2009 was $57. 5 million, or $2. 06 per diluted share (including after-tax income of $14. 6 million, or $0. 52 per diluted share, from the consolidation of BIBP and a gain of $1. 0 million, or $0. 4 per diluted share, from the finalization of certain income tax issues), compared to net income of $36. 8 million, or $1. 30 per diluted share, for 2008 (including a net loss of $6. 9 million, or $0. 24 per diluted share, from the consolidation of BIBP, a gain of $1. 7 million or $0. 06 per diluted share from the finalization of certain income tax issues and an after-tax charge of $5. 5 million, or $0. 20 per diluted share, related to restaurant impairment and disposition losses). FRANCHISE OPPORTUNITIES: Currently Papa John’s has a 2010 U. S. Development Incentive Program for franchise opportunities . This program currently offers: †¢NO FRANCHISE FEE; A REDUCED ROYALTY RATE FOR THE FIRST 12 MONTHS FOR ON-TIME RESTAURANT OPENINGS, INCLUDING A 0% ROYALTY RATE FOR RESTAURANTS OPENED BY JUNE 2010; †¢A FREE â€Å"WOW OVEN† SET (UP TO $32,000 VALUE); AND †¢A CREDIT ON FOOD PURCHASES OF UP TO $3,000. If you do not qualify for the 2010 U. S. Development Incentive Program then these are the regular franchise requirements and fees: †¢Minimum of $50,000 in cash or liquid assets; †¢Minimum net worth of $150,000; and †¢Ability to obtain financing up to $200,000. Additional franchisee qualifications and requirements include: †¢The prospective franchisee should have at least one partner with a successful business management background and one partner who qualifies as the Principal Operator. For single-unit development, an individual can apply to be both owner and Principal Operator. The Principal Operator must have prior general management experience relative to the number of units to be developed and must own or have the right to acquire at least 5% equity in the business within 12 months of hire date. †¢A fully completed Request for Consideration Form and current resume must be submitted for each member of the proposed franchise group or the owner operator, including the proposed Principal Operator. Also, Papa John’s will request supporting documentation from each proposed owner. Franchise Fees †¢The initial franchise fee is $25,000 per restaurant. ** Waived for 2010 †¢An ongoing royalty fee of 5% of net sales is due on a monthly basis. * Reduced for 2010 †¢Papa John’s requires that a minimum of 7% of net monthly sales be spent by each franchisee for marketing purposes*, as follows: 2. 94% on national fund; and 4. 06% on co-op and/or local marketing initiatives. Also, $9,000 must be spent on grand opening advertising for each of the first two restaurants. Papa John’s Franchise Offering Circular includes more detailed information regarding marketing and advertising fees. FUTURE PLANS: In an effort to further enhance its pan-India presence, the US-based delivery pizza restaurant chain, Papa John’s is planning to open 10 more Papa John’s outlets by the end of current quarter (April-June 2010). BIBLIOGRAPHY (1)Chris Sternberg: Papa John’s International, Inc. (April 29, 2010). Papa John’s Names Jude Thompson Co-CEO along with Founder and Chairman John Schnatter. http://ir. papajohns. com/releasedetail. cfm? ReleaseID=464972 (2)Papa John’s International. (2010). Retrieved April 18, 2010, from http://company. papajohns. com/about/pj_story. shtm (3)Franchise opportunities. (2010). Retrieved April 13, 2010, from, http://company. papajohns. com/franchise_opps/index. shtm (4)Financial overview. (2010). Retrieved on April 18, 2010, from, http://ir. papajohns. com/ (5)Financial information. (2010). Retrieved on April 21, 2010, from, http://ir. papajohns. com/financials. cfm (6)Stock information. (2010). Retrieved on April 12, 2010, from, http://ir. papajohns. com/stockquote. cfm How to cite Papa Johns Term Paper, Essays

Oh Really Essays - , Term Papers, Research Papers

Oh Really? Oh Really, you think i am a lark, the dogs they run and bark, but when i say to them, shut up shut up shut up, you say to be nice to them, how would you like it if i treated you that way, Oh really they i did say, upon my first swat of the bum, i would use my teeth to shred through your thumb, i would rip through your chest and pull out your beating heart, and in one final bite, you would be no more, i would wrap around your leg, and hump you across the floor, out of a daze i would soon snap, as your foot began to tap, how would you like it...hmmm?, I would like it just fine, Oh really? Oh Really Essays - , Term Papers, Research Papers Oh Really? Oh Really, you think i am a lark, the dogs they run and bark, but when i say to them, shut up shut up shut up, you say to be nice to them, how would you like it if i treated you that way, Oh really they i did say, upon my first swat of the bum, i would use my teeth to shred through your thumb, i would rip through your chest and pull out your beating heart, and in one final bite, you would be no more, i would wrap around your leg, and hump you across the floor, out of a daze i would soon snap, as your foot began to tap, how would you like it...hmmm?, I would like it just fine, Oh really?

Compare and contrast leadership and management essayEssay Writing Service

Compare and contrast leadership and management essayEssay Writing Service Compare and contrast leadership and management essay Compare and contrast leadership and management essayLeadership and management are two ways of organizing people that are effectively used in business relationships. Today it is impossible to imagine a business organization without an effective leader, as well as without an effective manager. In fact, leadership and management have very much in common. Both leadership and management practices are very important in organizational hierarchy. According to researchers, leadership and management are â€Å"vital elements† in running any business (Hughes et al., 2009). At the same time, there are certain differences between these styles. For example, it has been found that leaders inspire others and initiate organizational change, while managers are able to cope with challenges that may occur in the result of change. The differences are concluded in different personalities, focus, outcome, approach to tasks/objective, risk association, role in decision making and style and type of org anization.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To start with, both leadership and management can be used to define group behavior in a professional business setting. Both leaders and managers should be well-trained to achieve the established goals (Hughes et al., 2009). Leadership and management are interdependent because the principles of leadership and management should be adapted to changing environment.Nevertheless, there are certain differences between leadership and management.Leadership is focused on long-term goals because the decisions of leaders affect the future of business relationships and the whole organization. Leaders are aimed at bringing vision in order to motivate employees toward the set goals (Raducan Raducan, 2014).   In addition, leadership can be explained as a synthesis, which is based on the outcomes of the previous analysis. Leaders have followers as the major goal of leaders is to lead others. Leadership means setting up new goals in order to improve organizational pe rformance. Leadership principles are based on finding the proper strategies to inspire others (Hughes et al., 2009; Rost, 2011). Additionally, leaders prefer to build teams in order to apply their skills and experience encouraging collaboration (Moyles, 2006). Leaders can be characterized as heroes because they have the traits of personality that make them leaders, including adaptability, creativity, self-confidence, integrity and emotional control.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Management is based on short-term goals because managers are involved in making decisions regarding everyday activities, supervising subordinates and measuring performance. Moreover, management can be interpreted as an analysis which involves the procedures aimed at breaking something into parts. Managers have subordinates as their major goal is to manage work. Management means providing effective control over the group in order to organize the group’s performance toward the set based on the established values and principles (Raducan Raducan, 2014).   Management principles are based on certain behavioral aspects that may be changed due to the changes in business environment and organizational culture (Rost, 2011).   Besides, the above mentioned facts, managers are aimed at inspiring staff member to perform their duties in a proper way, based on the established organizational goals (Moyles, 2006). The personality traits of a manager include openness, extraversion, conscientiousness and agreeableness.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, it is necessary to say that leadership and management are two important terms that have been widely discussed in the world of business. Leadership and management are interchangeable because their characteristics are interdependent. At the same time, they are not the same. Leadership differs from management in the following characteristics: personalities, focus, outcome, approach to tasks/objective, risk ass ociation, role in decision making and style and type of organization. In general, there are four major differences between the activities of leaders and managers. Leaders are focused on giving direction, offering inspiration, building teamwork, setting an example and gaining acceptance. Managers are focused on planning, organizing, coordinating and controlling practices. Leaders have followers and managers have subordinates.

How to Write About Pets Writing a Book About Pets Step-by-Step

How to Write About Pets Writing a Book About Pets Step-by-Step How to Write About Pets: 6 Steps for Writing a Book About Pets the Right Way Writing about pets is a great way to share your passion and get paid for it!But thats only doable if you know how to write about pets in a way that others will actually want to readBecause lets be real, wed all love to gush about how amazing our pets are ALL day long, but thats not whats going to sell.I have some tips for writing a book about pets (or just writing in general) to help you out.Here are the steps for writing about pets:Journaling or free-writing about petsResearching writing about petsDevelop your pets characterDecide on the themeRead books about pets to learnBuild your pets author platformNOTE: If youre ready to start your book about pets, we can help you with that. In our VIP Self-Publishing Program, weve helped hundreds (even thousands) publish their books, even some about pets. Learn more about it hereHow to Write a Book About PetsIf you’re ever having a bad day at work, you may indulge in scrolling through some kind of social media app to get your mind off y our problems.As you scroll, something catches your eye, so you stop. It’s a video of cat with no front legs, learning how to jump, run, and play while still managing to be cute and adorable.You can’t help yourself; you smile.Not only is the kitty’s antics a little funny, but the story is also inspiring. Despite its disability, the cat forges on as if it had four legs instead of only two. Well, if that sweet little kitty can overcome its obstacle, you can get through your bad day at work.This is the power of pet stories.Along with making us laugh, pets and animals have a way of tugging at our heartstrings. Even though they’re animals, their tails- I mean, tales- humanize us every day.Pets and animals- big or small, hairy, feathered, covered with scales, paws, wings, or hooves- have a way of impacting our lives, whether it’s with humor or heroism.Either way, there’s a big market for pet stories and they give you a strong reason to write a book about them.Besides, anybody who has ever had pets always has a few stories to tell.So, do you think your pet/s have a unique story to share? Ive got some tips to help you share it.#1 Journaling or freewriting about your petsSet aside a few minutes each day- let’s say, 20 minutes or more- to write about your pets. Developing this writing habit is crucial to actually finish your project.Try to focus on one memorable event and write it down. This doesn’t need to be perfect; you can always revise later.If you are still feeling a bit stuck, try these ideas for writing about pets:Write about the time you met your pet for the first time. Were they given to you as a present? Did you adopt them from the shelter? Or did you find each other through some sort of happenstance?Write down something funny your pet did. Did they fail at training? Did they have an odd habit? Why was this memory significant to you? Was anyone else there with you and were they also amused or no?Write ab out a time you lost your pet. How did this affect you? How was their loss significant? What brought you two back together again? If your pet passed away, how did you handle your grief after?If you are still feeling stuck, try using these pet writing prompts to help you get some ideas to write down.#2 Research and notesJust like any other form of writing, you will need to backup your brainstorming with sound book research.This research will provide background information to your pet’s story to give it a fuller narrative and may help you to develop a theme (we’ll talk about themes next).Here are some research topics for pets and animals:Species/breeds: Research your pet’s species and breed. Does your pet fit these characteristics? Make notes of your pet’s behaviors and habits and see if they are common. How do they communicate (think sounds and body language)? Do other pet owners experience the same behaviors with their pets? This kind of research is espec ially important for exotic pets, like tarantulas, snakes, and turtles. It is unlikely that many readers of your story will have any kind of experience exotic species and/or breeds, so be sure to share more information with themService animals: If your pet was a service animal of some kind- therapy, police, military, leading the blind, search-and-rescue- research about those services provided and the organizations out there that provide them. These animals have benefited people tremendously and have very moving stories. If you have done any kind of professional and/or volunteer work with service animals, readers will find your insights and experiences invaluable.Adopted/rescue pets: Perhaps you adopted your pet from an animal shelter. Research the specific shelter you adopted your pet from, as well as how shelters functions in general. How high is the need to adopt animals? If your pet’s species or breed is one that has a high rate of ending up in shelters, it’s imperat ive to conduct research on this issue and provide readers information on it and how to prevent it. For example, pit bull terriers and huskies are two dog breeds that are known to often be sent to shelter; pit bull terriers are sent in because people use them for dog fighting and believed to be an aggressive breed, while huskies have extremely high energy and are very clever, both of which make them difficult to handle. This will encourage readers to think carefully about pets they adopt into their family and prepare for the responsibility they require. Perhaps you volunteered with a pet or animal sanctuary. Research the history and the purpose and mission of the organization.Pet care advice: Taking care of pets requires a great deal of responsibility. Each pet has its own set of care instructions, and some even require special care. What is the best way to care for this particular pet? What kind of expenses has your pet incurred? For example, let’s say you bottle-fed a kitten because it was an orphan. In your story, detail where you bought supplies for bottle-feeding, how often you fed them and how much for each feeding, how long you had to bottle-feed them, and at what age is best to finally transition from milk to solid food. Readers may find this information handy in the future.It may be wise to research and share some advice on how to encourage kids to be responsible for their pets.Sometimes kids are eager for a new pet, but once they realize how much work it is to take care of them, they quickly lose interest and neglect the pet they so badly wanted before.This is an issue that many parents face and often end up taking care of the pet themselves. It’s important to hold children accountable to their choices, but there are ways to do that without making them begin to dislike their pet.#3 Developing your pets characterIf your pet is still in your life, observe them and take notes. What are their habits? How do they interact with people and oth er animals? Do they do anything unique or peculiar? This research will enable you to develop your pet’s character and endear them to your reader.Don’t assume that just because you love your pet, your readers automatically will as well. This may be hard to believe, but it’s true. What makes your pet any different from others? You have to develop their character just as deeply and richly as you would a human character.Your pet’s story won’t stand out to readers unless their character stands out to them as well.Here’s some character development tips and advice to help you out:Detail their backgroundNote their strengths and weaknessesObserve unique habits or traitsCreate a character arc for themThe following excerpt from Marley by John Grogan is a great example of developing a pet’s character by using the rule of show, dont tell:â€Å"Just as we were reaching the car, we heard a commotion coming from the woods. Something was crashing thr ough the brush- and breathing heavily. It sounded like what you might hear in a slasher film. And it was coming our way. We froze, staring into the darkness. The sound grew louder and closer. Then in a flash the thing burst into the clearing and came charging in our direction, a yellow blur. A very big yellow blur. As it galloped past, not stopping, not even seeming to notice us, we could see it was a large Labrador retriever. But it was nothing like the sweet Lily we had just cuddled inside. This one was soaking wet and covered up to its belly in mud and burrs. Its tongue hung out wildly to one side, and froth flew off its jowls as it barreled past. In the split-second glimpse I got, I detected an odd, slightly crazed, yet somehow joyous gaze in its eyes. It was as though this animal had just seen a ghost- and couldn’t possibly be more tickled about it.â€Å"Then, with the roar of a stampeding herd of buffalo, it was gone, around the back of the house and out of sight. Jenn y let out a little gasp.â€Å"‘I think,’ I said, a slight queasiness rising in my gut, ‘we just met Dad.’†Even though we only see the daddy dog for a just brief moment- literally- we’ve learned something about John’s new puppy, Marley; he is going to be a big, wild, hard-to-handle, and happy dog.This scene is foreshadowing the kind of main character Marley will be later in the story.#4 Think of a themeNow that you have some done some substantial brainstorming and research, think of a theme your pet’s story could fall into. Themes in pet stories help connect ideas and issues with stories. Often our experiences with our pets coincide with life-changing events. If this is true for you, consider how your pet’s presence helped you through that time in your life.Examples of themes include coming-of-age, new relationships/romances, new parents, twenty-something years, thirty-something years, historical events, etc. You could eve n write a pet-themed cookbook with recipes for fun pet treats!#5 Read books about petsTo better understand the niche market of pet and animal stories, read books about pets.Here are some examples of books about pets you can learn from:Marley and Me: Life and Love with the World’s Worst Dog by John GroganSeabiscuit: An American Legend by Lauren HillenbrandDewey: The Small-Town Library Cat Who Touched the World by Vicki MyronAlex Me: How a Scientist and a Parrot Discovered a Hidden World of Animal Intelligence- and Formed a Deep Bond in the Process by Irene M. PepperbergFor more examples, you can check out thislist of animal memoirs on Goodreads.As you read, ask yourself these questions: What kind of impact did this animal have on the writer?What’s the theme of the story?What kind of research about this animal did the writer have to do?What does the writer do with this story that you like?What would you do differently in your pet’s story?#6 Build the pets onlin e platformYes, you did read that right. While many pets have an online platform, its necessary for yours to have one if youre writing about them.As you complete your pet’s story, begin building an online platform†¦for your pet. Having an established online platform will help market your story once you publish it, so come up with a plan on how to promote your story, and your pet.Here are some creative ways to create â€Å"buzz† about your upcoming book about your pet:Create an Instagram account for themBlog on your author website about themHave a bunch of videos of your pet? Make an online video seriesTheir online platform can be about anything- funny things they do, the two of you traveling together, throwing birthday parties for them, and so on. You can even write posts and captions from their point-of-view.In fact, this will even help you with building their character to make them more relatable to your audience.If you’re still feeling at a loss on how to do this, read some pet blogs and search social media for examples. They may give you an idea of what you need to do to get followers for your pet.Ready to write about your pet?Your pet’s story deserves to be heard. Start writing today. Give your pet a kiss on the head and put your fingers to the keyboard while you sign up for this training thatll help you make headway on your book today.

Forces Industry Analysis of the PC Industry Essay - 18

Forces Industry Analysis of the PC Industry - Essay Example As stated by Yoffie & Rossano (2012), in its early years during the 1990s, the industry was dominated by â€Å"Wintel†, which was a merged form of Windows OS brand and the Intel brand. However, with the increasing demands for internet and other technology developments, the PC industry has today become comparatively open and flexible to allow new entrants in terms of â€Å"no-name clone makers†. Nevertheless, the industry is regarded to be one of the most capital-intensive investment sectors encompassing rigid legal and trade norms which restrict the authentication of new players to gain a long-run sustainable foothold. High degree of innovation requirements to mitigate competitive barriers also tends to restrict the new entrants in the market lowering the risk of entry by potential competitors (Yoffie & Rossano, 2012). The consumption pattern and the quantity demanded by the buyers in the PC industry have been changing over the past few years, especially with the rising demand in emerging global markets. The buyers of the PC industry can be categorized into five sections comprising the household, the Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs), large industry, governmental sectors and education sectors. Even though the numbers of buyers in each segment are increasing rapidly in the industry context, the household consumers of the PC market can be identified as the largest buying group in the industry. Additionally, with the availability of only a few large brands within the industry, the growing numbers of buyers tend to have the greater bargaining power to steer the industry competition (Yoffie & Rossano, 2012).

Juvenile Justice- A Program Development and Design for the 21st Essay

Juvenile Justice- A Program Development and Design for the 21st Century - Essay Example To carry out a sound procedure, clear criteria are always applied to derive relevant information especially with regards to specific design techniques. In principle, the outcomes are based on notable conceptual framework. The major objectives are provided while designing a juvenile justice program. This also ensures that proper usage of internationally accepted standards is put to the fore. The practical evaluation also involves gaining the absolute results that include defining the core practical solutions to general criteria including consolidating all the working formulas. The program reflects juvenile justice program which ensures that children’s rights are protected at all times. In practice, this also implies that crime prevention mechanism is put in place to ensure adequacy in various contexts. While good practices are validly required, the concept of evaluation is thought to be fundamentally good and relevant for specific levels of management. The purpose of this progr am is to provide program evaluation process which would be relevant and applicable to juvenile justice. 1.1 Problem definition The programs are developed in order to adequately address specific needs. As such, juvenile justice programs are relevant because they are enshrined in a process aimed at controlling delinquent behavior. However, these involve prevention, reduction or elimination of these vices. Therefore, juvenile justice programs underscore various juvenile justice programs which are developed in order to reduce several levels of delinquency and also to ensure that certain attitudes related to this are controlled in order to reduce related risks. For example, the design of a program in the XXI century: the key aspects of underscoring juvenile justice is to define conflict resolution skills and improve the general perception of children. The problems related to juveniles are numerous and the attention itself reflects law enforcement agencies including the community, the jud ges and elected offices. From the level of the manager, it is important to collect data in order to establish proper mechanism and equally highlight possible trends relevant to the magnitude of the established data collection methods. According to problem identification, program managers are in a position to identify possible trends in areas that reflect possible juvenile justice control. The variety of processes required include law enforcement agencies that cover teenage pregnancy rates as well as children who are living below the poverty line. The instances that would define ways that involve getting relevant answers also involve attaining possible leadership controls and, as such, the procedure envisions improvements in terms of juvenile management. As the problem also involves getting interventions, the program requires completing relevant steps invoked as per the required attributes and as per the upcoming interventions. In particular, a number of juvenile groups require adequ ate knowledge in establishing their rights. This also requires notable attributes that would cover several aspects of serious juvenile offenders. Due to changing values, thinking and approaches, the resultant establishment seeks to fully explore notable developments as enshrined in the constitution. This, hence, ensures that there is no compromise as far as effectiveness is concerned. There is also an aspect of possible

The benefits of ecommerce and emarketing

The benefits of ecommerce and emarketing The most current and relevant literature on e-marketing is examined and the relevant areas disused in various literature which has connection with the objective of the business project are explored in this chapter. E-business and e-commerce are modern form of business which is performed in a technologically advanced business environment. The e-business is termed as the application of information technology for internal business process as well as activities in which a company engages during commercial activity. These activities can include functional activities such as finance, marketing, human resources management and operations (Philips, 2003). Ecommerce is the use of Information and communication technology to enable external activities and relationship with individuals, groups and other businesses (Laudon and Traver, 2002).Due to the growth in electronic media for business functions , the way of interaction between the supplier, distributor, seller and customer has become changed and more enhanced. E-commerce channels allow businesses to get to the customer faster, with more velocity, and more value (Budhwani, 2001) E-Marketing E-marketing is a process of building and maintaining customer relationship through online activities to facilitate the exchange of ideas, products and services that satisfy the goals of both parties (Mohammed et al, 2001). Strauss et al (2003) suggest that e-marketing covers a wide range of IT related applications with three main aims: Transforming marketing strategies to create more customer value through more effective segmentation, targeting, differentiation and positioning strategies; more efficiently planning and executing the conception, distribution, promotion and pricing of goods, services and ideas; creating exchanges that satisfy individual consumer and organisational customers objectives. Business is mainly based on exchange process; e-marketing has the ability to be beneficial for all the people who involve in the business. Mainly organization has realised this and started to refocus their marketing strategy using e-marketing. E-Marketing versus Traditional Marketing As number of individuals spending their time on internet is increasing rapidly, e-marketing is growing as a powerful marketing tool. Due to advancement and utilisation of technology in Internet has grown rapidly, thereby e-marketing gained more attention by most of the firms and due to this the traditional marketing methods loses its value. The traditional marketing channels like as television, print media, and radio are becoming less popular. The traditional media are competing with the electronic media for seeking customer attention but the Internet and appear to be gaining over the other media. On implementing E-Marketing a company can reach its customer directly through website, e-mail, social networking sites and various other means. E-Marketing is cost effective and also gains lot of attention of the customer. These factors make E-Marketing to overlap the traditional marketing. The Internet is assumed to be an important channel for marketing and distribution of products and services. This is, among other things, due to the cost-effectiveness of the Internet and the convenience for customers. With the Internet marketers can reach out to a broad customer base, locate target customers, identify their needs and communicate with them at a relatively low cost. The Internet provides an opportunity for market testing and optimization. Increasing digitalization will make it progressively easier to experimentally alter particular aspects of a business and quickly observe how customers respond (Wyner, 2000) Benefits of e-marketing E-marketing has several benefits which can be capitalised by the organisation to gain competitive advantages; those benefits are listed below, The web allows non-linear communication in which there is free flow and exchange of information, and there is a potential for two-way communication between a business and its audiences in different contexts on a one to one basis, and a many-to-many basis. The many-to-many model involves communication between customers (Hoffman and Novak, 1995). E-marketing can increase an organisations geographic coverage beyond its traditional operating area. E-marketing will also make the organisation to have a global presence and a wider reach. New market and new customers can be obtained by the company, if the e-marketing is utilised effectively. Moreover e-marketing provides a cheap way of communicating with customers and the business transactions can also be cared out in low cost. A website can be used as a powerful business tool for carrying out sales and services all day providing greater convenience for the customer. Besides that e-marketing can be used for an online sales promotion and provide targeted offers and special privileges to the customer. E-Marketing is fast and flexible communication tool and helps to fulfil the customer retention objective of the company. The internet provides rich sources of marketing data for the marketers, which can be used for decision-making purposes. Additionally e-marketing research supported with appropriate software and technology provides a good data analysis to streamline the process of research. Similarly e-marketing help to improve the brand name and provides a better platform for development of the brand presence. The purpose of branding is to facilitate the organisations task of getting and maintaining a loyal customer base in a cost-effective manner to achieve the highest possible return on investment (De Chernatony and McDonald, 1998, p.17) E-marketing problems There are also few problems with e-marketing that marketers must understand and respond to. Those are outlined below: A companys marketing environment consists of the actors and forces outside marketing that affect the marketing managements ability to develop and maintain successful transactions with its target customers. The marketing environment offers both threats and opportunities (Kotler et al, 2001) The major problem of e-marketing is lack of trust among the online users to make transactions with unknown traders and the customers resistance to change, mainly older and disadvantage people. Next big problem is customers concerns over privacy issues such as spam and unwanted marketing communication. Rising network security doubts over fraud and hacking cause huge setback for e-marketing. Moreover the technology gap between the organization and customer is a disadvantage. There are also difficulties and social impacts in cross-broader trading using electronic media. Customization and Personalization through E-marketing The e-marketing provides customization and personalization benefits to both firm and the customer. Customisation refers to more personalised products availability and tailored communication. The Internet marketing environment offers extensive customization and personalization opportunities. The evolution from marketing on the averages to marketing on the differences is a very prominent theme and a major advantage of the Web market compared to real environments (Reitman, 1994). Customization provides the ability to the customer to order product uniquely as per their need and specification. This helps the firms to know more about the individual customer, so that the offers and communications can be tailored as per the behaviour of the customer. This provides a great competitive advantage. E-marketing and Customer Focus The customer is the central focus for any business organisation and marketing activities are will be build to achieve high levels of customer satisfaction. Customer loyalty is emerged from satisfaction and from loyalty come more profitability and sales. The customer is the key element for all business but the e-marketing make customer even more powerful. Due the technology advancement customers are more demanding with search engines, more substitute product availability and multi-channel user friendly technology. Customer makes up the online communities of an organisation. Consumer behaviour growing to be more complex. But e-marketing coupled with emerging technologies enables more precise segmentation and targeting of customer. E-marketing helps to implement personalised offering to each customer, this done by obtaining permission and sends offers to target customer. The interactive nature of internet allows getting quicker customer feedback. These factors of e-marketing helps firms to remain customer focused.

Positive Regard Essay

Unconditional Positive Regard is a central concept in the theories of Carl R. Rogers, both for psychotherapy and for interpersonal relations. A universal need for positive regard by others appears at about the same time a person begins to experience awareness of self (Rogers, 1959). In therapy, UPR is a quality of the therapist’s experience toward the client (p. 239). Rogers’ writing sheds light on various aspects of this construct: Unconditional One experiencing UPR holds ‘no conditions of acceptance . . . It is at the opposite pole from a selective evaluating attitude.’ (p. 225) Positive One offers ‘warm acceptance . . . a â€Å"prizing† of the person, as Dewey has used that term . . . It means a caring for the client . . . ’ (p. 225). Regard One regards ‘each aspect of the client’s experience as being part of that client . . . It means a caring for the client, but not in a possessive way or in such a way as simply to satisfy the therapist’s own needs. It means caring for the client as a separate person, with permission to have his [or her] own feelings, his [or her] own experiences.’ (p. 225) Theoretically, the importance of UPR lies in its power to build up or restore the recipient’s unconditional positive self-regard. Unconditional positive regard requires that a person be warm and accepting even when another person has done something questionable. While most parents attempt to give their children unconditional love, few grant their children unconditional positive regard. Many therapists advocate giving their clients unconditional positive regard as part of the therapeutic process. UPR is most notably associated with person-centered therapy, or Rogerian therapy. Carl Rogers (1951) viewed the child as having two basic needs: positive regard from other people and self-worth. How we think about ourselves, our feelings of self-worth are of fundamental importance both to psychological health and to the likelihood that we can achieve goals and ambitions in life and achieve self-actualization. Self-worth may be seen as a continuum from very high to very low. For Carl Rogers (1959) a person who has high self-worth, that is, has confidence and positive feelings about him or her self, faces challenges in life, accepts failure and unhappiness at times, and is open with people. A person with low self-worth may avoid challenges in life, not accept that life can be painful and unhappy at times, and will be defensive and guarded with other people. Rogers believed feelings of self-worth developed in early childhood and were formed from the interaction of the child with the mother and father. As a child grows older, interactions with significant others will affect feelings of self-worth. Rogers believed that we need to be regarded positively by others; we need to feel valued, respected, treated with affection and loved. Positive regard is to do with how other people evaluate and judge us in social interaction. Rogers made a distinction between unconditional positive regard and conditional positive regard. Unconditional positive regard is where parents, significant others (and the humanist therapist) accepts and loves the person for what he or she is. Positive regard is not withdrawn if the person does something wrong or makes a mistake. The consequences of unconditional positive regard are that the person feels free to try things out and make mistakes, even though this may lead to getting it worse at times. People who are able to self-actualize are more likely to have received unconditional positive regard from others, especially their parents in childhood. Conditional positive regard is where positive regard, praise and approval, depend upon the child, for example, behaving in ways that the parents think correct. Hence the child is not loved for the person he or she is, but on condition that he or she behaves only in ways approved by the parent(s). At the extreme, a person who constantly seeks approval from other people is likely only to have experienced conditional positive regard as a child. How Unconditional Positive Regard Works in TherapyRogers believed that it was essential for therapists to show unconditional positive regard to their clients. He also suggested that individuals who don’t have this type of acceptance from people in their life can eventually come to hold negative beliefs about themselves. The demonstration of UPR from a therapist can encourage people to share their thoughts, feelings, and actions without fear of offending the therapist. A therapist might simply ask a client to expand on why he or she behaved in a particular manner, rather than condemning the person’s action or inquiring as to how the other person might have felt. Some therapists believe that UPR can serve as a temporary substitute for parental love that may help clients gain confidence to explore their issues. This belief is heavily influenced by Sigmund Freud and is not popular among contemporary mental health professionals. Through providing unconditional positive regard, humanistic therapists seek to help their clients accept and take responsibility for themselves. Humanistic psychologists believe that by showing the client unconditional positive regard and acceptance, the therapist is providing the best possible conditions for personal growth to the client. David G. Myers says the following in his Psychology: Eighth Edition in Modules: People also nurture our growth by being accepting—by offering us what Rogers called unconditional positive regard. This is an attitude of grace, an attitude that values us even knowing our failings. It is a profound relief to drop our pretenses, confess our worst feelings, and discover that we are still accepted. In a good marriage, a close family, or an intimate friendship, we are free to be spontaneous without fearing the loss of others’ esteem. Drawbacks of Unconditional Positive Regard UPR can be especially problematic in couples counseling, where couples often desire a referee who will tell them when they are doing something detrimental to the relationship. When clients feel that UPR in therapy is contrived, it may backfire. For example, some people want a therapist to tell them when they are doing something wrong, to bring awareness to the behavior. UPR can be difficult for a therapist to sustain, particularly when a person is making negative or unhealthy choices on a recurring basis. Consequently, many therapists attempt to strike a balance by remaining positive, upbeat, and nonjudgmental while at the same time pointing out when a person’s actions are harmful to himself or herself or to others.

The Ancient Mesopotamian Urban Community of Ur

The Mesopotamian city of Ur, known as Tell al-Muqayyar and the biblical Ur of the Chaldees), was an important Sumerian city-state between about 2025-1738 BC. Located near the modern town of Nasiriyah in far southern Iraq, on a now-abandoned channel of the Euphrates river, Ur covered about 25 hectares (60 acres), surrounded by a city wall. When British archaeologist Charles Leonard Woolley excavated in the 1920s and 1930s, the city was a tell—a great artificial hill over seven meters (23 feet) high composed of centuries of building and rebuilding mud-brick structures, one stacked on top of another. Chronology of Southern Mesopotamia The following chronology of Southern Mesopotamia is simplified somewhat from that suggested by the School of American Research Advanced Seminar in 2001, based primarily on pottery and other artifact styles and reported in Ur 2010. Old Babylonian (Late Bronze Age, 1800-1600 BC)Isin-Larsa Dynasties (Middle Bronze Age, 2000-1800 BC)Ur III (2100-2000 BC)Akkadian (Early Bronze Age, 2300-2100 BC)Early Dynastic I-III (Sumerian, 3000-2300 BC)Late Uruk (Late Chalcolithic, 3300-3000 BC)Middle Uruk (3800-3300 BC)Early Uruk  (4100-3800 BC)Late Ubaid (4400-4100 BC)Ubaid Period (5900-4400 BC) The earliest known occupations at Ur city date to the Ubaid period of the late 6th millennium BC. By about 3000 BC, Ur covered a total area of 15 ha (37 ac) including early temple sites. Ur reached its maximum size of 22 ha (54 ac) during the Early Dynastic Period of the early 3rd millennium BC  when Ur was one of the most important capitals of the Sumerian civilization. Ur continued as a minor capital for Sumer and succeeding civilizations, but during the 4th century BC, the Euphrates changed course, and the city was abandoned. Living in Sumerian Ur During Urs heyday in the Early Dynastic period, four main residential areas of the city included homes made of baked mud brick foundations arranged along long, narrow, winding streets and alleyways. Typical houses included an open central courtyard with two or more main living rooms in which the families resided. Each house had a domestic chapel where cult structures and the family burial vault was kept. Kitchens, stairways, workrooms, lavatories were all part of the household structures. The houses were packed in very tightly together, with exterior walls of one household immediately abutting the next one. Although the cities appear very closed off, the interior courtyards and wide streets provided light, and the close-set houses protected the exposure of the exterior walls to heating especially during the hot summers. Royal Cemetery Between 1926 and 1931, Woolleys investigations at Ur focused on the Royal Cemetery, where he eventually excavated approximately 2,100 graves, within an area of 70x55 m (230x180 ft): Woolley estimated there were up to three times as many burials originally. Of those, 660 were determined to be dated to the Early Dynastic IIIA (2600-2450 BC)period, and Woolley designated 16 of those as royal tombs. These tombs had a stone-built chamber with multiple rooms, where the principal royal burial was placed. Retainers--people who presumably served the royal personage and were buried with him or her--were found in a pit outside of the chamber or adjacent to it. The largest of these pits, called death pits by Woolley, held the remains of 74 people. Woolley came to the conclusion that the attendants had willingly drunk some drug and then lay down in rows to go with their master or mistress. The most spectacular royal graves in Urs Royal Cemetery were those of Private Grave 800, belonging to a richly adorned queen identified as Puabi or Pu-abum, approximately 40 years old; and PG 1054 with an unidentified female. The largest death pits were PG 789, called the Kings Grave, and PG 1237, the Great Death Pit. the tomb chamber of 789 had been robbed in antiquity, but its death pit contained the bodies of 63 retainers. PG 1237 held 74 retainers, most of which were four rows of elaborately dressed women arranged around a set of musical instruments. Recent analysis (Baadsgaard and colleagues) of a sample of skulls from several pits at Ur suggests that, rather than being poisoned, the retainers were killed by blunt force trauma, as ritual sacrifices. After they were killed, an attempt was made to preserve the bodies, using a combination of heat treatment and the application of mercury; and then the bodies were dressed in their finery and laid in rows in the pits. Archaeology at the City of Ur Archaeologists associated with Ur included J.E. Taylor, H.C. Rawlinson, Reginald Campbell Thompson, and, most importantly, C. Leonard Woolley. Woolleys investigations of Ur lasted 12 years from 1922 and 1934, including five years focusing on the Royal Cemetery of Ur, including the graves of Queen Puabi and King Meskalamdug. One of his primary assistants was Max Mallowan, then married to mystery writer Agatha Christie, who visited Ur and based her Hercule Poirot novel   Murder in Mesopotamia on the excavations there. Important discoveries at Ur included the Royal Cemetery, where rich Early Dynastic burials were found by Woolley in the 1920s; and thousands of clay tablets impressed with cuneiform writing which describe in detail the lives and thoughts of Urs inhabitants. Sources Baadsgaard A, Monge J, Cox S, and Zettler RL. 2011.  Human sacrifice and intentional corpse preservation in the Royal Cemetery of Ur.  Antiquity 85(327):27-42.Dickson DB. 2006. Public Transcripts Expressed in Theatres of Cruelty: the Royal Graves at Ur in Mesopotamia.  Cambridge Archaeological Journal  16(2):123–144. Jansen M, Aulbach S, Hauptmann A, Hà ¶fer HE, Klein S, Krà ¼ger M, and Zettler RL. 2016. Platinum group placer minerals in ancient gold artifacts – Geochemistry and osmium isotopes of inclusions in Early Bronze Age gold from Ur/Mesopotamia. Journal of Archaeological Science 68:12-23.Kenoyer JM, Price TD, and Burton JH. 2013. A new approach to tracking connections between the Indus Valley and Mesopotamia: initial results of strontium isotope analyses from Harappa and Ur. Journal of Archaeological Science 40(5):2286-2297.Miller NF. 2013. Symbols of Fertility and Abundance in the Royal Cemetery at Ur, Iraq. American Journal of Archaeology 117(1):127- 133. Oates J, McMahon A, Karsgaard P, Al Quntar S, and Ur J. 2007. Early Mesopotamian urbanism: a new view from the north.  Antiquity  81:585-600.Rawcliffe C, Aston M, Lowings A, Sharp MC, and Watkins KG. 2005. Laser Engraving Gulf Pearl Shell--Aiding the Reconstruction of the Lyre of Ur.  Lacona VI.Shepperson M. 2009.  Planning for the sun: urban forms as a Mesopotamian response to the sun.  World Archaeology  41(3):363–378.Tengberg M, Potts DT, and Francfort H-P. 2008.  The golden leaves of Ur.  Antiquity  82:925-936.Ur J. 2014. Households and the emergence of cities in ancient Mesopotamia. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 24(2):249-268.Ur J, Karsgaard P, and Oates J. 2011. The Spatial Dimensions of Early Mesopotamian Urbanism: The Tell Brak Suburban Survey, 2003-2006. Iraq 73:1-19.

The Cold War And The Soviet Union - 1343 Words

Abstract: As one of the most important events in 20th century, the Cold War had a very deep influence for the human-being civilization and it changed the world structure . The United States and the Soviet Union ,the two poles, became enemies from friends after the World War II. They adopt hostile attitude towards each other and criticized the the opponents’ social systems. To find out who provoked the Cold War, the US, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdoms ,Roosevelt, Truman ,Stalin, and Churchill should be considered as the essential factors. Because of those giants and their countries ,the peace after the war became so fragile. Introduction: The Cold War, during which the Capitalism versus the Communism, divided the world-- some countries like Germany and Korea --into two camps. There is no doubt that America and Russia ,the two poles should be researched deeply. And the government’s policies were influenced by their leaders. It is necessary to consider the personal factors and the England also played a very important role in the course. Body: When we talk about the Cold War, two countries—the US and the Soviet Union—are the most important roles in the contest between Capitalism and Socialism. Thus we tends to consider the two countries firstly. While the Cold War was not limited in the US and the Soviet Union. Both the US, the Soviet Union and the UK should be researched. I the United Kingdom in the Cold War 1.The relationship between England and RussiaShow MoreRelatedThe Cold War And The Soviet Union973 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cold War was a state of economic, diplomatic, and ideological discord among nations without armed conflict. The Cold War was between the United States and the USSR because these were the two major powers after WWII. Basically, the Cold War was a series of proxy wars that had taken place back in time involving surrounding countries. One of the main causes for Cold War was that the Soviet Union was spreading communism and the United States didn’t like that so they were trying to contain communismRead MoreThe Cold War And The Soviet Union1233 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cold War is unique among war’s to be not a war between states, but a war between ideologies. The United States and other allies defend social democracy capitalism, as the pinnacle of freedom and equality; and the Soviet Union though communism was the pinnacle of equality. These ideologi es manifested themselves through the superpowers, which caused the conflict between them. Both the United States, and the Soviet Union are to blame for the outbreak of the Cold War. The United State’s missionRead MoreThe Cold War And The Soviet Union1697 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War, in fact didn’t take place in the winter season, but was just as dangerously cold and unwelcoming, as it focused on two contrasting powers: the U.S. and the Soviet Union. After World War 2, the Cold War influenced capitalist U.S. and communist Soviet Union to engage in disagreements causing many disputes having to use military, economic and humanitarian aid. With different goals, the contrasting powers prove through the Marshall Plan, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and SALT that communismRead MoreThe Cold War And Soviet Union840 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many theories and opinions of how the cold war started. Some believe that the cold war was the result of the belligerence of Josep h Stalin and the insecurity it caused in the United States and the West. Others believe the primary responsibility for the cold war derives from the hardline policies of the United States. (Viewpoints Article: the Soviet Union Start the Cold War) I believe The Cold War was triggered by the theory of two superpower countries in a race for dominance in the worldRead MoreCold War And The Soviet Union859 Words   |  4 PagesAMS2270 Cold War This essay will discuss about cold war, including the background, beginning, progress and ending. As we know, cold war is a struggle between U.S. with NATO and Soviet Union with WTO from 1947 to 1991. It is a significant event in history, and it influence the almost all of world, it directly lead to the radical change of eastern Europe and the breakup of the USSR. In 1946 February, George.F.Kennan wrote a â€Å"Long Telegram†, it clearly said the strategy of containing Soviets and itRead MoreThe Cold War On The Soviet Union1230 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cold War’s effect on the Soviet Union Shortly after the World War 2 ended, the United States and its North Atlantic Treaty Organization allies entered the cold war with the Soviet Union. Germany was divided in half and later, the Berlin Wall was constructed as a physical boundary between the Soviet controlled East Germany and NATO controlled West Germany. This standoff continued until the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991. The cold war had a huge influence on the world stage, but also had a majorRead MoreThe Cold War And The Soviet Union1391 Words   |  6 Pageswake of World War II as the decades-long force of Germany’s reign came to its conclusion, an extensive repositioning of authority among the world’s top powers began. The war wielded devastating consequences for most countries involved and effectively diminished the dominance Britain and France once employed across the globe. Out of this devastation rose the two new dominating forces of the world who were triumphant in the aftermath of the war: the U nited States and the Soviet Union. The United StatesRead MoreThe Cold War And The Soviet Union Essay965 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cold War was a period in world history marked with increased tensions primarily between the United States and the Soviet Union. Both countries desired to expand their ideologies across the globe, the U.S. urging capitalism and democratic elections and the Soviets promoting communism. After the allies had obtained victory in World War II, the Yalta Conference was held. Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Union, wanted to expand his sphere of influence into Eastern Europe and demanded thatRead MoreThe Soviet Union Of The Cold War1745 Words   |  7 Pages During the era of the Cold War, starting in 1947 and definitively ending in 1991, the United States and the Soviet Union faced off in conflicts with each other through smaller states. The United States and Soviet Union faced off to see who could spread their ideology the most in Europe. The Soviet Union used force and supported coups to spread communism while the United States installed democratic governments as a way to counter communism in Eastern Europe. These small conflicts that the two superpowersRead MoreThe Soviet Union And The Cold War1038 Words   |  5 PagesAfter a series of events during the time of World War II, tensions between the United States and the Communists such as the Soviet Union and China, developed into a military and political conflict such as the Cold War. During the Cold War, which went on for 50 years, the Soviet Union and the United States competed to expand their economical and political influence. Although, the United States military has increased in size and it’s strategy. The United States power today is highly supreme when it